He moved quickly up the ranks thanks to the influence of his father, who served as a general stationed in Central America, and his uncle, a royal minister. His youthful boldness and his marriage to a Creole beauty, Felicie de St.
But the ruse was not quite subtle enough. In March , Gov. Peter Chester of British West Florida — which extended west to the Mississippi River at Baton Rouge -- protested that ships filled with arms and ammo were sailing up the river under Spanish flags.
Galvez replied he was just being hospitable. For the next two years, the Americans worked hard to cultivate their semi-secret ally. Galvez continued to allow supplies to move up the Mississippi to Pennsylvania—an important back door to the battlefront, since the British had blockaded East Coast ports. Over time, this shock turned to indignation, which ultimately grew into desire for rebellion.
The American Revolution had profound consequences, not only for the American colonists but for the rest of the world as well. Never before had a body of colonists so boldly declared their monarch and government incapable of governing a free people.
The Thomas Jefferson—penned Declaration of Independence was as unique as it was reasonable, presenting a strong, concise case for American rebellion against a tyrannical government.
Since then, his declaration has been a model for many groups and peoples fighting their own uphill battles. The British strategy at the beginning of the war was simply to contain the American Revolution in Massachusetts and prevent it from spreading.
This proved difficult though when the British suffered devastating casualties at the Battle of Bunker Hill in June of during the Siege of Boston. When powder for the cannons finally arrived on March 2, the Americans began firing on Boston. On March 4, they mounted the largest cannons on Dorchester Heights. When the British saw the cannons on Dorchester Heights, they made an attempt to attack the heights but were thwarted by a storm.
The new British strategy at this point was to capture New York City and use it as a base of operations. The British successfully captured New York on September 15, and launched the next phase of the plan in This plan was to isolate New England, which was the heart of the rebellion, from the rest of the colonies by marching three British armies simultaneously from New York City, Montreal and Fort Oswego to meet in Albany and take control of the Hudson River, which formed a natural barrier along the western edge of New England.
But the defeat at Saratoga and the entry of France into the war early in led to a changed strategy of increasing reliance on Crown supporters in the colonies. Leger led troops down from the Mohawk Valley to upstate New York. It all went awry when General Howe, for reasons unknown, decided to take a detour and led his troops to Philadelphia instead, where the seat of the Continental Congress was located, and captured the city.
Realizing that a battle was brewing, Washington sent troops north and called for the militia to join them, which resulted in a large contingent of American troops and militia in the Saratoga area. This resulted in the Battle of Saratoga on September 19, which was a devastating loss for the British, who lost two soldiers for every one on the American side. A second battle, the Battle of Bernis Heights, took place on October 7 when Burgoyne tried to break free from the colonial forces surrounding them but was defeated.
The defeat forced Burgoyne to withdraw his troops and surrender on October 17, On one occasion, redcoats from Fort Pitt in present-day Pittsburgh even burned the huts of some nearby pioneers and escorted them back across the boundary. For the most part, though, colonists disregarded the proclamation without fear of punishment. Some wanted only enough land for themselves and their families, whereas others were speculators looking to make a hefty profit down the road.
George Washington, for one, wrote to his agent in in support of illegally buying as much Native American land as possible. Under the deal, the Iroquois agreed to give up parts of present-day New York, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Tennessee and West Virginia in exchange for cash, gifts and the soon-to-be-broken promise of a permanent border.
But although the Iroquois claimed those lands, they did not live there.
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